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Article

Behavior Analysis of the Inter-city Highway Route Choice Model with Navigation Data

내비게이션 자료를 활용한 중장거리 경로 선택 행태 분석

Hohyeon NAM1
,
Ikki KIM2
,
Jihye KIM3*
,
Hansol YOO3
,
Sangjun PARK4
남 호현1
,
김 익기2
,
김 지혜3*
,
유 한솔3
,
박 상준4
1Researcher, Department of Road Transport, The Korea Transport Institute, Sejong, 30147, Korea
2Professor, Department of Transportation and Logistics Engineering, Hanyang University, Gyeonggi 15588, Korea
3Ph.D Candidate, Department of Transportation and Logistics Engineering, Hanyang University, Gyeonggi 15588, Korea
4Specialist, Public and Private Infrastructure Investment Management Center, Korea Development Institute, Sejong 30149, Korea
1한국교통연구원 도로교통연구본부 연구원
2한양대학교 교통물류공학과 교수
3한양대학교 교통물류공학과 박사과정
4한국개발연구원 공공투자관리센터 전문위원
*Corresponding Author
30 April 2021. pp. 149-163
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Abstract

The analysis of the route choice behavior is necessary in the stages of establishing transportation policies and forecasting travel demand, but there was a limitation due to the difficulty of collecting data. Especially, the stochastic route choice method can reflect the route choice behavior in the model. However it is difficult to collect data of the alternative path sets, which are essential for stochastic route choice method. Therefore this study calibrated route choice model with navigation data which is huge sample data to overcome sampling error. The route choice model is calibrated using path-size logit model that can explain passenger behavior and overcomes overlapping problem between alternative paths which is occurred due to the IIA property of multinomial logit model. This study researched the route choice behavior for travel of mid- to long-distance by aggregating the origin and destination as regional level zone. The most statistically significant route choice model was calculated and the fare per distance, highway travel distance, and total travel distance were used as explanatory variables. In addition, the PS variable with the highest statistical explanatory power of the model was calculated using golden-section search and added as an explanatory variables in route choice model. In the model, the longer the highway in the route, the more the passengers preferred it. And the passengers were more sensitive when the travel distance of road except highway in route were increased than when the travel distance of highway in route were increased. To verify accuracy of prediction of model, this study compared the observed route choice ratio and the predicted route choice probability which were calculated using navigation data. As a result, the average error rate decreased as highway length in travel distance was increased.

Keywords
navigation data
path enumeration
path-size logit
route choice behavior
route choice model

통행자의 경로 선택 행태 분석은 교통정책 수립, 장래 수요 예측단계 등에서 필요하지만 자료 취득의 어려움으로 인하여 분석의 한계점이 있었다. 특히 확률적 경로 선택 방법은 통행자의 선택 행태를 모형에 반영할 수 있지만 필수자료인 대안 경로 집합 구축에 어려움이 있다. 그러므로 본 연구는 대규모 표본 자료인 내비게이션 자료를 이용하여 경로 선택 모형을 구축하고 통행자의 경로 선택 행태 분석을 수행하였다. 경로 선택 모형은 다항 로짓 모형이 가지는 IIA 특성으로 인하여 발생하는 대안 경로 간 경로 겹침 문제를 극복하고 현실적 경로 선택 행태를 가능한 반영할 수 있는 Path-size 로짓 모형을 이용하였다. 본 연구는 통행의 기종점을 시군구 단위로 집합화하고 통행거리가 100km 이상의 중장거리 경로 선택 행태를 설명하였다. 모형 정산 결과에서 거리 당 요금, 고속도로 이용거리, 총 통행거리가 설명변수로 입력되었으며 통계적으로 가장 유의한 모형을 도출하였다. 또한 모형의 통계적 설명력이 가장 높은 PS 변수를 황금분할법을 이용하여 산정하고 설명변수로 추가하였다. 모형에서 통행자들은 고속도로 구간의 길이가 더 길수록 해당 통행 경로를 더 선호하는 행태를 나타내었으며, 경로 내 고속도로 이용거리가 증가할 때보다 고속도로 외 도로의 이용거리가 증가할 때 민감하게 반응하였다. 모형의 정확성 검증을 위해 내비게이션 자료를 이용하여 관측 경로 선택 비율과 예측 경로 선택 확률을 계산하고 통행 경로 내 고속도로 이용 비율 별 평균 오차율을 산출하였다. 그 결과 고속도로 이용비율이 증가할수록 오차율은 감소하였다.

키워드
내비게이션 자료
대안 경로 집합 구축
path-size 로짓 모형
경로 선택 행태
경로 선택 모형
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Information
  • Publisher :Korean Society of Transportation
  • Publisher(Ko) :대한교통학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
  • Journal Title(Ko) :대한교통학회지
  • Volume : 39
  • No :2
  • Pages :149-163
  • Received Date : 2021-02-09
  • Revised Date : 2021-02-22
  • Accepted Date : 2021-03-15
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7470/jkst.2021.39.2.149
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