Analysis of the Effects of Designating Parking Areas for Shared Personal Mobility Devices (PMDs)

Yuncheol Yang; Jeongran Wee; Hee Cheol Shin

doi:10.7470/jkst.2025.43.1.063

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Analysis of the Effects of Designating Parking Areas for Shared Personal Mobility Devices (PMDs) 공유 개인형 이동수단(PM) 주차구역 지정의 효과 분석

28 February 2025. pp. 63-76

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Abstract

Shared personal mobility (PM), introduced in Seoul in July 2018, was anticipated to serve as an eco-friendly transportation mode that complements public transit. However, the free-floating model led to unintended issues such as PM vehicles being abandoned on roads and obstructing pedestrian pathways. In response, Seoul implemented a policy in 2022, designating approximately 190 PM parking areas to mitigate these challenges. This study evaluates the impact of these designated areas on PM towing incidents through spatial autocorrelation analysis. The findings reveal a reduction in towing incidents by 19.03%p and 20.05%p within 100m and 300m of the parking areas, respectively, demonstrating the policy’s effectiveness. Moran's I index indicated a positive spatial autocorrelation in the distribution of PM towing. Furthermore, LISA and LISA cluster analysis showed a 17.36%p reduction in HH (High-High) clusters—areas with frequent towing—within 300m of designated parking zones. Notably, 38.9%p of HH (High-High) clusters transitioned to LL (Low-Low) or NS (Non Significant) clusters, confirming the policy’s role in alleviating towing issues in problem areas. These results suggest that strategic PM parking area designation can promote sustainable PM usage and offer insights for developing future policies to foster responsible PM use and integration with urban infrastructure.

Keywords

designated parking area

free-floating

GIS analysis

personal mobility devices

spatial autocorrelation analysis

2018년 7월 서울시에 도입된 공유 개인형 이동수단(PM, Personal Mobility)은 대중교통을 보완하는 친환경 이동수단으로 기대를 모았지만 프리 플로팅 방식으로 인해 도로 방치, 보행자 통행 방해 등 다양한 문제가 발생했다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 서울시는 2022년 약 190곳의 PM 주차구역을 지정하였다. 본 연구는 PM 주차구역 지정 정책의 효과를 검증하기 위해 공간적 자기상관분석을 적용하여 주차구역 지정 전후의 PM 견인 수 변화를 분석했다. 분석 결과, 주차구역 지정 후 주차구역 반경 100m와 300m 내에서 PM 견인 수가 각각 19.03%p, 20.05%p 감소하였는데 이는 주차구역 지정이 PM 견인 문제 해결에 효과가 있음을 시사한다. Moran's I 지수를 통해 PM 견인의 공간적 패턴을 분석한 결과 양의 공간적 자기상관성이 확인되었으며, LISA와 LISA 클러스터 분석에서는 주차구역 반경 300m 내에서 PM 견인이 자주 발생하는 HH (High-High) 군집이 17.36%p 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 HH (High-High) 군집이 LL/NS (Low-Low/Non Significant)로 변화한 비율이 38.9%p에 달해 주차구역 지정이 특정 지역의 PM 견인 문제를 완화하는 데 효과적임을 입증하였다. 본 연구를 기반으로 추후 PM 주차구역 지정 정책의 면밀한 방향성을 제시할 수 있을 것이며, 이를 통해 올바른 PM 이용 문화가 자리 잡는 데 도움이 될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

키워드

지정 주차구역

프리플로팅

지리정보시스템 분석

개인형 이동수단

공간적 자기상관성분석

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Information

Publisher :Korean Society of Transportation
Publisher(Ko) :대한교통학회
Journal Title :Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
Journal Title(Ko) :대한교통학회지
Volume : 43
No :1
Pages :63-76
Received Date : 2024-10-28
Revised Date : 2024-11-15
Accepted Date : 2024-12-19
DOI :https://doi.org/10.7470/jkst.2025.43.1.063

Journal of Korean Society of Transportation ISSN:1229-1366(Print) 2234-4217(Online) 대한교통학회지

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