The Relationship Between Congestion Pricing and In-vehicle Crowding Level in Public Transport

Sang-Gyun  Yu; Gi-Mok Bae

doi:10.7470/jkst.2016.34.6.510

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2016 Vol.34, Issue 6 Preview Page Next Page

The Relationship Between Congestion Pricing and In-vehicle Crowding Level in Public Transport 혼잡통행료 징수와 대중교통 차내 혼잡수준의 관계

December 2016. pp. 510-522

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Abstract

In studies involving public transport, social welfare improvement is simply explained by the increase in public transport demand. However, the increase in the demand for public transport is mostly observed by the change in the frequency of public transport service, and in-vehicle crowding in public transport has not been an object of concern. This study examines and tries to reveal the cause of the changes of the social welfare and in-vehicle crowding of the changing public transport from imposing congestion pricing. We observe that congestion pricing increases in-vehicle crowding in public transport. This predictable phenomenon is more exacerbated in case of not operating bus-only lane. It should be noted that in-vehicle crowding is more increased in suburban, but in First-best toll system it tends to get worse less than it in other congestion pricing systems. We identify that the change of in-vehicle crowding is affected by the change of proximity of the housing to workplace, the number of commuting trips, and unpredictable distortion effect of the congestion charge.

Keywords

congestion pricing

general equilibrium model

in-vehicle crowding

mode choice

public transport

대중교통을 포함한 연구들에서 사회적 효용 증진은 대중교통서비스 개선 또는 승용차 이용억제책을 통한 대중교통 수요증가에 의한 것으로 풀이된다. 하지만 지금까지 대중교통 수요증가는 통행수단의 통행량 변화를 통해 사회적 효용에 영향을 미치고 관찰될 뿐, 대중교통 차내 혼잡도는 고민의 대상이 아니었다. 본 연구는 혼잡통행료 시행으로 증진되는 사회적 효용과 변화되는 대중교통수단 차내 혼잡도를 관찰하고 원인을 규명한다. 본 연구에서 혼잡통행료 시행은 대중교통수단 차내 혼잡도를 증가시키고, 대중교통 전용차로가 없는 경우 대중교통수단 혼잡도는 더욱 심화된다. 주목할 점은 대중교통수단 차내 혼잡도가 도심보다 도심 외곽구역에서 더욱 악화되고, 최선의 혼잡통행료는 차내 혼잡도를 상대적으로 덜 악화시키면서 효용증진 임무를 완수한다. 이러한 결과는 통행자의 직주근접성 변화, 통행횟수 조절, 그리고 혼잡통행료 징수가 가져올 우발적인 왜곡효과 때문으로 해석된다.

키워드

혼잡통행료

일반균형모형

차내 혼잡도

수단선택

대중교통

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Information

Publisher :Korean Society of Transportation
Publisher(Ko) :대한교통학회
Journal Title :Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
Journal Title(Ko) :대한교통학회지
Volume : 34
No :6
Pages :510-522
Received Date : 2016-06-22
Revised Date : 2016-08-17
Accepted Date : 2016-10-05
DOI :https://doi.org/10.7470/jkst.2016.34.6.510

Journal of Korean Society of Transportation ISSN:1229-1366(Print) 2234-4217(Online) 대한교통학회지

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