Estimation of PM2.5 Reduction Effects by the Expansion of Green Transportation Area in Seoul

Seoyoung Choi; Seungbin Im; Yujin Choi; Jeonga Kim; Joonho Ko

doi:10.7470/jkst.2025.43.3.356

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Estimation of PM_2.5 Reduction Effects by the Expansion of Green Transportation Area in Seoul 서울시 녹색교통지역 확대에 따른 도로이동오염원 초미세먼지 감소효과 추정

30 June 2025. pp. 356-371

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Abstract

Low-emission zones are being expanded worldwide. The green transportation zone operated by the Seoul Metropolitan Government will also be expanded gradually. To implement the appropriate policy, a prior impact evaluation is required before expanding and operating the system. This study aims to estimate the reduction in fine dust emissions from traffic flow and road pollution sources under the green transportation zone expansion plan, and to propose corresponding policy support measures. Using detailed vehicle registration data, O/D data was subdivided by car type, fuel type, grade, and DPF attachment, and the green transportation zone expansion plan was applied to the travle demand analysis network. The analysis assumed that restricted vehicles were not allowed to enter the restricted area and that travel patterns would not change. When calculating fine dust emissions, formulas were applied by grade, fuel type, and model year, with a detailed analysis considering the efficiency of emission reduction devices attached to grade 4 and 5 vehicles. The analysis of Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Incheon on a wide-area basis showed a decrease in VKT and fine dust in the restricted areas. Notably, when the use of Grade 5 vehicles was restricted across Seoul, fine dust levels dropped by 46.20%, showing that simply restricting these vehicles can greatly help reduce air pollution.

Keywords

emission-standard

low emission zone

PM_2.5

vehicle operation restriction

green transportation policy

저배출구역은 전 세계적으로 확대운영되고 있는 추세다. 서울시에서 운영하고 있는 녹색교통지역 역시 단계별로 확대운영될 계획이다. 적절한 정책시행을 위해서는 제도의 확대 운영 시행 이전 사전 영향 평가가 필요하다. 본연구의 목적은 녹색교통지역 확대 계획을 토대로 그에 따른 교통 흐름 변화와 도로이동오염원의 초미세먼지 감소 효과를 정량적으로 추정하고, 그에 따른 정책 지원 방안을 제시하는 것이다. 자동차 주소지 데이터를 활용하여 O/D 데이터를 차종·유종·등급·DPF 부착 여부 별로 세분화하였고, 녹색교통지역 확대 계획을 교통수요 프로그램 네트워크에 구현하였다. 운행 제한 대상 지역에 제한 차량은 진입을 못하도록 설정하였으며, 수단 전환 없이 운행을 멈춘다고 가정하여 분석이 진행되었다. 초미세먼지 배출량 산정 시에도 등급·유종·연식별로 차이를 고려하였으며 DPF를 부착한 4·5등급 차량에 대해서는 저감 장치 부착 효율을 고려하여 세밀한 분석을 진행하였다. 서울, 경기, 인천을 광역 단위로 분석한 결과, 한양도성 제한 시나리오와 서울 전역 제한 시나리오 모두 VKT 및 초미세먼지가 감소하는 결과가 나타났다. 특히 서울 전역에 5등급 차량의 운행을 제한하는 경우 서울의 초미세먼지 감소율은 46.20%로, 5등급 차량의 운행만 제한하더라도 초미세먼지 감소 효과가 큰 것을 확인하였다.

키워드

자동차 배출가스 등급제

녹색교통지역

초미세먼지

자동차 운행제한

녹색교통 정책

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Information

Publisher :Korean Society of Transportation
Publisher(Ko) :대한교통학회
Journal Title :Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
Journal Title(Ko) :대한교통학회지
Volume : 43
No :3
Pages :356-371
Received Date : 2025-01-22
Revised Date : 2025-02-17
Accepted Date : 2025-04-07
DOI :https://doi.org/10.7470/jkst.2025.43.3.356

Journal of Korean Society of Transportation ISSN:1229-1366(Print) 2234-4217(Online) 대한교통학회지

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