A Study of Effectiveness Evaluation of Internet of Things Traffic Control Devices in Preparation of Autonomous Vehicle Operation Using Simulation

Miyoung Bhin; Seulki Son; Changwoo Lee

doi:10.7470/jkst.2021.39.6.737

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2021 Vol.39, Issue 6 Preview Page Next Page

Article

A Study of Effectiveness Evaluation of Internet of Things Traffic Control Devices in Preparation of Autonomous Vehicle Operation Using Simulation 도심부도로 자율주행차 운행 대비 시뮬레이션을 활용한 IoT 교통안전시설 효과평가 연구

31 December 2021. pp. 737-752

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Abstract

It is urgently needed for a safe operation of autonomous vehicle to install and supply IoT traffic control devices that provide the information of driving regulation on the roads, given the expectation of the mixed traffic of autonomous vehicles and ordinary vehicles on the crossroads in the city center in a couple of years. The current study suggests a method to evaluate the road safety and efficiency of IoT traffic safety facilities using a simulation where the facilities are virtually installed on the real roads. The current study employs VISSIM to evaluate the density, delay, speed, traffic volume, conflict mitigation, fuel consumption on the crossroads, congestion, and que length according to the autonomous vehicle installation ratios of 0%, 10%, 30%, 50%, 70% and 100%, given the conditions with and without the installation of IoT traffic control devices. The study also employs SSAM to analyze the conflicts by scenario. The analysis found that the efficiency and safety of roads are improved when the autonomous vehicle installation ratio increases with and without IoT traffic control devices respectively. When no IoT traffic control devices are installed, the link delay, node que length, and conflict are improved by 31.2%, 31.7%, and 14.5%, respectively, from 0% to 100% of autonomous vehicle introduction. Also, when IoT traffic control devices are installed, the link delay, node que length, and conflict are improved by 26.9%, 29.1%, and 16.5%, respectively, given 100% of the autonomous vehicle introduction. Due to the installation of speed limit, an IoT traffic control devices, no improvement of link and node efficiency is achieved after the installation of IoT traffic control devices. The total number of conflicts and the number of conflicts per vehicle are improved after the installation. This may imply that the speed limit information systematically reduce the link vehicle speed and after all, affect the number of conflicts.

Keywords

autonomous vehicle

conflict analysis

IoT (internet of things) traffic control devices

Pangyo autonomous vehicle test area

VISSIM

자율주행차가 앞으로 몇 년 안에는 일반차와 혼재되어 교차로가 있는 도심부에서 운행할 것인데 자율주행차가 안전하게 운행되기 위해서는 도로상의 주행규제정보를 제공하는 IoT교통안전시설 설치와 보급이 시급하다. 본 연구는 IoT교통안전시설이 실제 도로상에 설치되었을 때의 효과평가를 하기 위하여 시뮬레이션을 통해 실제 도로를 구현하여 도로안전성과 효율성을 평가하는 방법론을 제안하였다. 본 연구는 IoT 교통안전시설을 설치하였을 경우와 설치하지 않았을 경우에 대해 VISSIM을 활용해 자율주행차 도입비율(0%, 10%, 30%, 50%, 70%, 100%)에 따라 구간별 링크의 밀도, 지체, 속도, 교통량, 상충이 개선되는지, 교차로 연료소모량, 차량지연, 대기열길이를 평가하였고 SSAM을 활용해 시나리오별 상충분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과 IoT 교통안전시설이 있을 때와 없을 때 모두 자율주행차 도입비율이 높아질수록 도로의 효율성 및 안전성이 개선되는 것으로 나타났다. 먼저 IoT 교통안전시설이 없을 때, 자율주행차 100% 도입시 자율주행차 0% 대비 링크의 지체는 31.2%, 노드의 대기열길이는 31.7%, 상충은 14.5% 개선된 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 IoT 교통안전시설이 있을 때, 자율주행차 100% 도입시 링크의 지체는 26.9%, 노드의 대기열길이는 29.1%, 상충은 16.5% 개선되는 것으로 나타났다. IoT 교통안전시설 중 속도제한표지를 설치했기 때문에, IoT 교통안전시설 설치 전에 비해 설치 후 링크와 노드의 효율성이 개선되지는 않았으나, 총상충건수와 차량1대가 경험하는 상충건수는 설치 후에 더 개선된 것으로 분석되었다. 이는 속도제한 정보로 인해 구간의 속도가 규칙적으로 감소하였으며 결론적으로 상충건수에 영향을 준 것으로 판단된다.

키워드

자율주행차

상충분석

IoT교통안전시설

판교자율주행시범지구

VISSIM

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Information

Publisher :Korean Society of Transportation
Publisher(Ko) :대한교통학회
Journal Title :Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
Journal Title(Ko) :대한교통학회지
Volume : 39
No :6
Pages :737-752
Received Date : 2021-09-10
Revised Date : 2021-09-15
Accepted Date : 2021-09-29
DOI :https://doi.org/10.7470/jkst.2021.39.6.737

Journal of Korean Society of Transportation ISSN:1229-1366(Print) 2234-4217(Online) 대한교통학회지

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