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Article

A Study on the Optimization Arterial Bus Network in Seoul Based on Delphi Survey

델파이 조사 기반의 서울시 간선버스 노선망 최적화 연구

Su Jin PARK1
,
Jaehwan YANG2*
,
Chae Rim LEE3
박 수진1
,
양 재환2*
,
이 채림3
1Research Professor, School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
2Research Fellow, Smart Transportation Research Division, The Seoul Institute, Seoul 06756, Korea
3Ph.D. Student, Department of Transportation Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Korea
1고려대학교 미래건설환경융합연구소 연구교수
2서울연구원 스마트교통연구실 연구위원
3서울시립대학교 교통공학과 박사과정
*Corresponding Author
28 February 2025. pp. 92-108
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Abstract

Public transportation is a critical component of the transportation system in Seoul, playing a key role in alleviating urban congestion and promoting sustainable mobility. However, the arterial bus network in Seoul faces significant challenges, including excessive route lengths, ambiguous hierarchy, and a continuous decline in modal split, which lead to operational inefficiencies and increasing financial burdens. To address these challenges, this study develops evaluation functions for bus route assessment based on a Delphi survey incorporates expert opinions.. The survey identifies route curvature, operational productivity, congestion levels, and transfer time ratio as key factors for evaluating the arterial bus network. Using these evaluation functions, the study applies a genetic algorithm to derive an optimized bus network. The proposed optimal network features shorter route lengths and increased stop spacing compared to the existing network, as well as enhanced diversity in terms of effective alternative routes. This study presents a systematic approach to optimizing public transit networks based on expert evaluations and provides a valuable foundation for future policy development and network design in the field of urban transit systems.

Keywords
delphi technique
genetic algorithm
public transportation evaluation index
semi-public bus operation system
transit network design

서울시의 대중교통은 도시혼잡 완화와 지속가능한 수단으로 중요한 역할을 수행하고 있다. 그러나 서울시 간선버스는 장대노선, 불분명한 위계, 지속적인 수단분담률 감소로 인해 운영의 비효율성이 발생하고 재정적 부담이 가중되고 있는 상태이다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 전문가 설문을 활용한 델파이 조사를 기반으로 노선 평가에 필요한 평가함수를 개발하였으며, 조사 결과 노선 굴곡도, 운행생산성, 평균 혼잡도, 평균 환승시간 비율이 간선버스 노선망 평가함수로 선정되었다. 이후 수립된 평가함수에 대해 유전자 알고리즘을 적용하여 최적 노선망을 도출하였다. 도출된 최적 노선망은 현재 간선버스 노선망 대비 짧은 노선연장과 긴 정류장 간 길이를 보였으며, 유효경로 수에서 더 높은 다양성을 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 전문가 평가를 기반으로 대중교통 네트워크 최적화에 대한 접근방식을 제시하였으며, 향후 대중교통 정책 수립 및 네트워크 설계과정에서 활용이 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

키워드
델파이 조사
유전자 알고리즘
대중교통 평가지표
버스 준공영제
대중교통 노선망 설계
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Information
  • Publisher :Korean Society of Transportation
  • Publisher(Ko) :대한교통학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
  • Journal Title(Ko) :대한교통학회지
  • Volume : 43
  • No :1
  • Pages :92-108
  • Received Date : 2024-11-27
  • Revised Date : 2024-12-15
  • Accepted Date : 2024-12-23
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7470/jkst.2025.43.1.092
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