Analysis of Crash Severity Factors in Parking Lots based on TAAS Data

Aram Jung; Hyunsuk Park

doi:10.7470/jkst.2026.44.1.001

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2026 Vol.44, Issue 1 Next Page

Article

Analysis of Crash Severity Factors in Parking Lots based on TAAS Data TAAS 데이터 기반 주차장 교통사고 심각도 영향 요인 분석 연구

28 February 2026. pp. 1-21

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Abstract

Parking lots are shared spaces where vehicles and pedestrians. Despite the low speeds, the close interaction between vehicles and pedestrians still presents an high risk of accidents. Furthermore, the presence of pillar and spatial characteristics create blind spots, making parking lots high risk areas where safety evaluation is crucial. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors influencing the severity of parking lot accidents and quantify their impact using statistical methods based on parking lot accident data. For a systematic factor selection, cross-tabulation analysis was performed, and multicollinearity among variables was assessed using the Variance Inflation Factor (VIF) and correlation coefficients. An Ordered Probit Model was then developed to derive the accident severity model, and marginal effects were calculated to estimate the probability of each severity level based on the identified factors. The marginal effect analysis revealed that the probability of severe injury or fatality increases when the accident type is vehicle-to-pedestrian, the non at-fault driver’s gender is female, or the age is 51 years or older. Conversely, the probability of minor injury or injury accident increases when the at-fault driver’s vehicle is a motorcycle, bicycle, or scooter, the non at-fault driver’s vehicle is a passenger car or truck, or the non at-fault driver’s age is 30 years or younger. These findings are interpreted as resulting from the spatial characteristics of the parking lot, the characteristics of the at-fault driver's vehicle, and the differences in physical and cognitive capabilities related to the non at-fault driver’s gender and age. The results of this study can be utilized to design control systems or establish customized strategies aimed at preventing parking lot accidents or reducing their severity.

Keywords

factor selection

marginal effect

ordered probit model

parking lot crash analysis

parking lot crash severity factor

주차장은 차량과 보행자가 혼재되어 있는 공간으로 저속으로 주행한다는 특징이 있으나, 차량과 보행자 간의 근접도가 높아 사고발생 시의 위험성이 크다. 또한 기둥과 같은 물리적 공간 특성으로 인해 사각지대가 발생하여 사고발생 가능성이 높은 공간으로 안전성 평가가 중요하다. 본 연구의 목적은 주차장 교통사고 자료를 기반으로 통계 기법을 통해 주차장 사고 심각도에 대한 영향 요인과 요인의 정량적인 영향 정도를 도출하는 것이다. 체계적인 요인 선정을 위해 교차분석을 통해 사고 심각도와 관련이 있는 변수를 선정하고 분산팽창계수 분석과 상관분석을 통해 요인들 간의 다중공선성을 평가하였다. 순서형 프로빗 모형 분석을 통해 사고 심각도 모형을 도출하고 한계효과를 분석하여 심각도 요인에 따른 사고 심각도별 발생 확률을 산출하였다. 한계효과 분석 결과, 차대사람 사고이거나 피해운전자의 성별이 여성인 경우 그리고 피해운전자가 51세 이상인 경우에는 중상 또는 사망사고 발생 확률이 증가하는 것으로 분석되었다. 반면, 가해운전자 차종이 원동기, 자전거, 이륜차이거나 피해운전자의 차종이 승용차, 화물차인 경우 그리고 피해운전자의 연령이 30세 이하인 경우에는 부상 또는 경상사고 발생 확률이 증가하는 것으로 분석되었다. 이러한 결과는 주차장의 물리적 환경 특성과 가해운전자 차량의 특성 그리고 성별과 연령에 따른 신체적 능력 특성 차이에 의한 것으로 해석되었다. 본 연구의 결과를 활용하여 주차장 사고 예방 또는 심각도 감소를 위한 관제 시스템 설계 또는 맞춤형 전략을 수립할 수 있을 것이다.

키워드

요인 선정

한계효과

순서형 프로빗 모형

주차장 사고 분석

주차장 사고 심각도 요인

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Information

Publisher :Korean Society of Transportation
Publisher(Ko) :대한교통학회
Journal Title :Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
Journal Title(Ko) :대한교통학회지
Volume : 44
No :1
Pages :1-21
Received Date : 2025-06-18
Revised Date : 2025-07-14
Accepted Date : 2025-11-14
DOI :https://doi.org/10.7470/jkst.2026.44.1.001

Journal of Korean Society of Transportation ISSN:1229-1366(Print) 2234-4217(Online) 대한교통학회지

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