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Article

Evaluation and Comparison of Bus Travel Time Reliability, Focused on Busan BRT and Non-BRT

버스 통행시간의 신뢰성 평가와 비교, 부산광역시 간선급행버스와 비간선급행버스를 중심으로

Jihyo JUNG1
,
Hoe Kyoung KIM2*
정 지효1
,
김 회경2*
1Ph.D Candidate, Department of Urban Planning and Landscape Architecture, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea
2Professor, Department of Urban Planning and Engineering, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea
1동아대학교 도시계획·조경학과 박사과정
2동아대학교 도시공학과 교수
*Corresponding Author
31 August 2026. pp. 683-702
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Abstract

As policies to activate public transportation system continue to address urban traffic congestion, the importance of bus travel time reliability as a core value evaluating bus services is increasingly emphasized. Accordingly, this study quantitatively analyzed and compared characteristics of the actual travel time fluctuation, focused on bus rapid transit (BRT) and Non-BRT sections in Busan Metropolitan City. For the analysis, routes with similar geometric structures and operating conditions were selected, and a high-resolution analysis was conducted at the individual vehicle level by fusing data from the bus information management system (BIMS) and digital tachograph (DTG). Based on this, the coefficient of variation (CV) was calculated as an evaluation index to diagnose the level of bus travel time reliability between two bus operating systems. The results showed that the absolute variability figures for BRT routes were somewhat higher compared to Non-BRT routes due to structural factors such as high traffic demand and complex geometric structures. However, detailed analysis by time period revealed that BRT routes showed no statistically significant difference in reliability indices between peak and off-peak hours, confirming that it secures structural stability maintaining constant driving patterns regardless of external traffic congestion or temporal changes. In contrast, Non-BRT routes showed distinct fluctuations in bus travel time reliability depending on changes in traffic conditions, revealing limitations in sensitivity to exogenous factors. This study is significant in empirically identifying the structural characteristics of travel time reliability operated under the BRT system based on actual operation data, and can be utilized as basic policy data for improving the operational efficiency and service reliability of public transportation system in Busan Metropolitan City.

Keywords
bus information management system
bus rapid transit
coefficient of variation
digital tachograph
reliability of travel time

도심 교통 혼잡 해소를 위한 대중교통 활성화 정책이 지속됨에 따라, 버스 서비스 수준을 결정짓는 핵심 가치로서 버스 통행시간 신뢰성의 중요성이 더욱 강조되고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 부산광역시 내 간선급행버스체계(BRT)와 중앙버스전용차로가 설치되지 않은 구간(Non-BRT)을 대상으로 실제 버스 통행시간 변동 특성을 정량적으로 비교 분석하였다. 분석을 위해 기하구조 및 운영 여건이 유사한 구간을 선정하고, 버스정보관리시스템(BIMS)과 버스 디지털운행기록계(DTG) 데이터를 융합하여 개별 차량 단위의 고해상도 분석 데이터를 구축하였다. 이를 바탕으로 변동계수(CV)를 평가지표로 산출하여 운영체계 간 버스 통행시간의 신뢰성 수준을 진단한 결과, BRT 구간은 높은 교통수요와 복잡한 기하구조 등 구조적 요인으로 인해 Non-BRT 대비 변동성 수치는 다소 높게 나타났다. 그러나 시간대별 상세 분석 결과, BRT 시스템은 첨두시와 비첨두시 간 버스 통행시간의 신뢰성 지표 차이가 통계적으로 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타나, 외부 교통 혼잡이나 시간대 변화와 무관하게 일정한 주행 패턴을 유지하는 구조적 안정성을 확보하고 있음을 확인하였다. 반면, Non-BRT 구간은 교통 여건 변화에 따라 버스 통행시간의 변동 폭이 뚜렷하게 나타나 외생적 요인에 민감한 한계를 보였다. 본 연구는 실제 운행 데이터에 기반하여 BRT 시스템이 갖는 버스 통행시간 신뢰성의 구조적 특성을 실증적으로 규명하였다는 데 의의가 있으며, 향후 대중교통 운영 효율화 및 서비스 신뢰도 제고를 위한 정책적 기초자료로 활용될 수 있다.

키워드
버스정보관리시스템
간선급행버스체계
변동계수
디지털운행기록계
통행시간 신뢰성
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Information
  • Publisher :Korean Society of Transportation
  • Publisher(Ko) :대한교통학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
  • Journal Title(Ko) :대한교통학회지
  • Volume : 44
  • No :4
  • Pages :683-702
  • Received Date : 2026-04-07
  • Revised Date : 2026-04-27
  • Accepted Date : 2026-05-11
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7470/jkst.2026.44.4.683
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