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Article

Spatial Structure of Travel Patterns and Network-Based Community Analysis of Specialized Transportation Services for Persons with Disabilities and General Automobile Users

장애인 특별교통수단과 일반 차량 이용자 통행 패턴의 공간적 구조 및 네트워크 기반 커뮤니티 분석

Gahyeong YU1
,
Jinhyeok JANG2
,
Jinuk HWANG3*
유 가형1
,
장 진혁2
,
황 진욱3*
1Master’s Student, Department of Urban Planning and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
2Post-Doc Researcher, Institute for Future Earth, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
3Assistant Professor, Department of Urban Planning and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
1부산대학교 도시공학과 석사과정
2부산대학교 미래지구환경연구소 연수연구원
3부산대학교 도시공학과 조교수
*Corresponding Author
31 October 2025. pp. 591-613
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Abstract

Understanding mobility patterns is essential for ensuring equitable urban and transportation planning, particularly for vulnerable populations such as people with disabilities. This study compares the travel patterns of general automobile and specialized transportation services for persons with disabilities in Busan, South Korea, focusing on spatial disparities and mobility constraints. Using origin-destination (OD) data, we analyze travel distribution patterns, spatial concentration, and network structures of both user groups. The Gini coefficient and entropy index were employed to measure spatial inequality and destination diversity of travel, revealing that specialized transportation service users exhibit significantly higher spatial concentration and lower destination diversity, compared to general automobile users. A hotspot analyses confirmed that general automobile trips are widely dispersed throughout the city, while specialized transportation trips are concentrated in specific districts with medical and welfare facilities. Additionally, community detection analyses showed that general automobile users form 21 distinct travel-based communities, reflecting decentralized and polycentric movement patterns, whereas specialized transportation users are grouped into only four large-scale communities, indicating constrained mobility and a strong reliance on specific destinations. These findings underscore the necessity of integrating diverse population groups’ travel patterns into urban and transportation planning. Policies should prioritize enhancing the accessibility of specialized transportation users by improving transit connectivity, expanding travel options, and ensuring equitable access to essential services.

Keywords
community detection
transportation equity
transportation services for persons with disabilities
travel patterns

본 연구는 일반 차량 이용자와 장애인 특별교통수단 이용자의 통행 패턴을 비교·분석하여, 두 집단 간 공간적 불균형과 통행 제약을 실증적으로 규명하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 부산시를 대상으로 OD 데이터를 활용하여 통행 분포, 공간적 집중도, 네트워크 구조를 분석하였으며, 지니 계수와 엔트로피 지수를 이용하여 통행의 공간적 불평등성과 목적지 다양성을 평가하였다. 분석 결과, 장애인 특별교통수단 이용자는 일반 차량 이용자와 비교해 통행이 특정 지역에 집중되는 경향이 강하며, 목적지의 다양성 또한 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 핫스팟 분석 결과, 일반 차량 통행은 도시 전역에 분산된 반면, 장애인 특별교통수단 통행은 의료 및 복지시설이 밀집된 지역에 집중되는 경향이 확인되었다. 또한, 커뮤니티 디텍션 분석을 통해 일반 차량 이용자의 통행 기반 생활권은 21개로 도출되었으며, 다핵적인 구조를 형성하는 반면, 장애인 특별교통수단 이용자의 생활권은 4개로 집약되었으며 특정 목적지에 대한 의존성이 높게 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 장애인의 통행 특성을 고려한 교통 및 도시 계획의 필요성을 시사하며, 장애인 특별교통수단 이용자의 접근성 개선, 대중교통 연계 강화, 이동 선택지 확대를 위한 정책적 대응이 요구됨을 보여준다.

키워드
커뮤니티 디텍션
교통 형평성
장애인 통행
장애인 특별교통수단
통행 패턴
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Information
  • Publisher :Korean Society of Transportation
  • Publisher(Ko) :대한교통학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
  • Journal Title(Ko) :대한교통학회지
  • Volume : 43
  • No :5
  • Pages :591-613
  • Received Date : 2025-03-13
  • Revised Date : 2025-04-09
  • Accepted Date : 2025-05-23
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7470/jkst.2025.43.5.591
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