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Article

Network-Based Identification of Pedestrian Catchment Areas and Assessment of Public Service Accessibility and Equity: Focusing on Anchor Facilities in Busan Metropolitan City

네트워크 기반 보행생활권 도출과 공공서비스의 접근성 및 형평성 평가: 부산시 앵커시설을 중심으로

Mingyu SUNG1
,
Jinhyeok JANG2
,
Jinuk HWANG3*
성 민규1
,
장 진혁2
,
황 진욱3*
1Master’s Student, Department of Urban Planning and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
2Post-Doc Researcher, Institute for Future Earth, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
3Assistant Professor, Department of Urban Planning and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
1부산대학교 도시공학과 석사과정
2부산대학교 미래지구환경연구소 연수연구원
3부산대학교 도시공학과 조교수
*Corresponding Author
31 October 2025. pp. 614-635
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Abstract

This study presents a data-informed approach to delineate pedestrian catchment areas that better reflect actual pedestrian travel patterns. Pedestrian OD data from the Korea Transport Database (KTDB) for Busan were preprocessed and refined using land use and topographic information. Based on the refined spatial units, functional pedestrian catchment areas were identified through community detection using the Louvain algorithm. GIS-based accessibility to key public facilities, referred to as “anchor facilities” by the Busan Metropolitan City Government (e.g., senior centers, children’s facilities, and sports facilities), was evaluated. In addition, equity in service coverage was assessed based on socioeconomic characteristics such as income level, proportion of elderly residents, and proportion of residents with disabilities. The analysis identified 44 pedestrian catchment areas exhibiting distinct network configurations. Significant disparities in service accessibility were found for senior and children’s facilities in low-income areas and in areas with higher proportions of residents with disabilities. This study proposes a data-informed method for defining pedestrian catchment areas based on actual travel patterns. The findings also provide foundational evidence to support pedestrian- oriented urban and transport planning and to guide the equitable allocation of public facilities.

Keywords
community detection
equity analysis
pedestrian catchment area
public service accessibility
spatial network analysis

본 연구는 통행 OD 데이터를 기반으로 실제 보행 이동 흐름을 반영한 보행생활권을 도출하고, 생활권 간 공공서비스 접근성의 형평성을 분석하였다. 부산시를 대상으로 국가교통 DB(KTDB)의 보행 OD 데이터를 활용하였으며, 토지이용 및 지형 정보를 반영하여 공간 단위를 정제한 후, Louvain 알고리즘을 활용한 커뮤니티 디텍션 기법을 적용하여 기능적 보행생활권을 도출하였다. 이후 GIS 기반 분석을 통해 부산시에서 “앵커시설”로 분류한 주요 공공시설(노인시설, 어린이시설, 생활체육시설)에 대한 접근성을 평가하고, 각 보행생활권의 소득 수준, 고령 인구 비율, 장애인 인구 비율 등 사회경제적 특성에 따라 서비스 커버리지의 형평성을 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 총 44개의 보행생활권이 도출되었으며, 이들 간에는 공간적 구조와 접근성 측면에서 뚜렷한 차이를 보였다. 특히, 저소득층 및 장애인 인구 비율이 높은 지역에서 노인시설과 어린이시설에 대한 접근성이 통계적으로 유의미하게 낮게 나타났다. 본 연구는 행정경계에 의존하지 않고 실제 보행 흐름을 반영한 보행생활권 설정 방법을 제시하고, 보행 중심 도시·교통계획 및 공공서비스의 형평한 공간 분배를 위한 실증적 기초자료를 제공한다.

키워드
커뮤니티 디텍션
형평성 분석
보행생활권
공공서비스 접근성
공간 네트워크 분석
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Information
  • Publisher :Korean Society of Transportation
  • Publisher(Ko) :대한교통학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
  • Journal Title(Ko) :대한교통학회지
  • Volume : 43
  • No :5
  • Pages :614-635
  • Received Date : 2025-03-17
  • Revised Date : 2025-05-12
  • Accepted Date : 2025-06-04
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7470/jkst.2025.43.5.614
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