Analysis of the Characteristics of Origin-Destination Traffic Volume Based on Mobile Phone Data: A Comparative Analysis With the Korea Transport Database

Haesun Lee; Minsu Won

doi:10.7470/jkst.2025.43.4.387

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2025 Vol.43, Issue 4 Next Page

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Analysis of the Characteristics of Origin-Destination Traffic Volume Based on Mobile Phone Data: A Comparative Analysis With the Korea Transport Database 모바일 통신데이터 기반 기종점 통행량 자료의 특성 분석: KTDB와의 비교분석을 중심으로

31 August 2025. pp. 387-408

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Abstract

Recent studies have started leveraging mobile phone data as supplemental information to address the shortcomings of National Household Survey data (NHS), such as low sample rates and the time lag between survey and publication times. However, if Mobile Phone Data (MPD) are to be used as a complementary or alternative source, it is imperative to recognize the factors that lead to discrepancies in origin-destination traffic volumes and comprehend the inherent differences in the methodology used to estimate origin-destination traffic volumes from the National Household Survey initially. In this study, we examined the process by which each dataset constructs origin-destination (O/D) traffic volumes and analyzed the differences in trip volumes by purpose, along with their influencing factors, using a decision tree model (CART). The analysis identified trip purpose, travel distance, number of employees, and base station density as key variables. Specifically, for regular trip types such as commuting and school trips, the household travel survey showed higher traffic volumes for long-distance trips, whereas for other trips, the mobile communication data reported higher volumes for short-distance movements. These patterns are interpreted as resulting from differences in how the two datasets recognize and classify trips. This study provides empirical evidence that traffic volumes may vary between the two datasets depending on trip purpose and regional conditions. The findings offer useful insights for improving mobile data-based algorithms and supplementing traditional travel survey data in future applications.

Keywords

data validation

decision tree analysis

mobile phone data

national household survey data

origin-destination traffic volume

가구통행실태조사자료의 낮은 표본률, 조사 시점과 공표 시점 간의 차이 발생 등의 한계를 보완하기 위해 최근 모바일 통신데이터를 보완자료로 활용하고 있다. 그러나 가구통행실태조사와 모바일 통신데이터는 자료 특성상 기종점 통행량을 산출하기까지의 방식이 달라, 모바일 통신데이터를 보완 및 대체자료로 활용하려면 이러한 구축 과정의 차이를 이해하고 어떠한 특성에서 기종점 통행량 차이가 나타나는지 사전에 파악할 필요가 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 각 자료의 통행량 구축 과정을 살펴보고, 이를 기반으로 각 자료별로 추정된 목적별 통행량의 차이와 그 요인을 의사결정나무모형(CART)을 이용하여 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 통행목적, 통행거리, 종사자 수, 기지국 밀도가 주요 영향 변수로 도출되었으며, 통근 및 통학과 같이 정기적인 통행 특성을 지닌 경우에는 장거리 통행에서 가구통행실태조사의 통행량이 더 높게, 기타 통행에서는 단거리 통행에서 모바일 통신데이터의 통행량이 더 높게 집계되는 경향이 확인되었다. 이는 두 자료 간 통행 인식 및 분류 방식의 차이에서 비롯된 것으로 해석된다. 본 연구는 통행목적과 지역적 조건에 따라 두 자료 간 통행량 집계 결과가 상이하게 나타날 수 있음을 실증적으로 제시하였다는 점에서 의의가 있으며, 향후 모바일 통신데이터 기반 알고리즘 개선 및 조사자료의 보완에 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

키워드

자료 검증

의사결정나무분석

모바일 통신데이터

가구통행실태조사자료

기종점 통행량

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Information

Publisher :Korean Society of Transportation
Publisher(Ko) :대한교통학회
Journal Title :Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
Journal Title(Ko) :대한교통학회지
Volume : 43
No :4
Pages :387-408
Received Date : 2024-10-25
Revised Date : 2024-10-29
Accepted Date : 2025-05-30
DOI :https://doi.org/10.7470/jkst.2025.43.4.387

Journal of Korean Society of Transportation ISSN:1229-1366(Print) 2234-4217(Online) 대한교통학회지

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