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Article

Analysis of Factors Affecting Intersection Red-Light-Running Crashes Using SEM (Structural Equation Modeling)

구조방정식을 이용한 교차로 신호위반 교통사고 영향 요인 분석

Jeonghun YANG1
,
Eun Mi PARK2
,
Tai-jin SONG3*
양 정훈1
,
박 은미2
,
송 태진3*
1Deputy General Manager, Traffic Accident Analysis Center, Road Traffic Authority, Wonju 26466, Korea
2Professor, Department of Urban Engineering, Mokwon University, Daejeon 35349, Korea
3Associate Professor, Department of Urban Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
1도로교통공단 교통사고종합분석센터 차장
2목원대학교 도시공학과 교수
3충북대학교 도시공학과 부교수
*Corresponding Author
30 June 2024. pp. 348-369
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Abstract

RLR (Red-Light-Running) crashes rank second in traffic accidents due to legal violations in Korea (11.6%), and they are recording a low level compared to the overall traffic accident reduction rate. This study aimed to identify the influencing factors of RLR crashes based on the importance of RLR crashes and domestic and international research trends. For the study, data on 1,508 RLR crashes were collected from 217 critical intersections in Seoul city, where more than 10 traffic crashes occurred over the past two years (2021-2022). Based on this, four exogenous latent variables (road characteristics, traffic facility characteristics, signal operation characteristics, traffic volume characteristics) and one endogenous latent variable (magnitude of RLR crashes) were designed. A total of 26 observed variables were constructed for each intersection for causal analysis between latent variables. The constructed data was used to understand the influence relationship on the magnitude of RLR crashes through a SEM (structural equation model). As a result of the study, among the four factors speculated to influence RLR crashes, only road characteristics and traffic facility characteristics were statistically significant, while signal operation characteristics and traffic volume characteristics were not. Furthermore, these factors showed that traffic road characteristics have a somewhat higher influence with 0.25 (p<0.01) compared to facility characteristics 0.17 (p<0.05). Lastly, the relative influence of the three variables constituting the road characteristic factor was in the order of speed limit > difference in speed limit between cross roads > total number of lanes, the relative influence of the two variables constituting the traffic facility characteristic factor was in the order of number of traffic light faces > forward traffic light, and the relative influence of the three variables constituting the magnitude of RLR crashes was in the order of number of casualties > number of crashes > cost of crashes. The results of this study are expected to assist policy makers and practitioners in establishing substantial reduction countermeasures for RLR crashes in Korea. In the future, research reflecting various intersection types and traffic congestion, as well as analysis of driver behavior, is deemed necessary.

Keywords
crash factors
RLR (Red-Light-Running) crash
SEM (Structural Equation Modeling)
signalized intersection crash
traffic accident black spot

신호위반 교통사고는 국내 법규 위반 교통사고 중 두 번째로 높으며(11.6%), 전체 교통사고 감소율 대비 저조한 수준을 기록하고 있다. 본 연구는 신호위반 사고의 중요성과 국내외 연구 동향에 따라 신호위반 사고의 영향 요인들을 찾고자 하였다. 연구를 위해 서울시 주요 교차로(Critical Intersection) 중 최근 2년(2021-2022)간 10건 이상의 교통사고가 발생된 217개 4지 교차로를 대상으로 1,508건의 신호위반 사고자료가 수집되었다. 이를 토대로 4개의 외생 잠재변수(도로 특성, 교통시설 특성, 신호운영 특성, 교통량 특성)와 1개의 내생 잠재변수(신호위반 사고규모)를 설계하였으며, 잠재변수 간 인과분석을 위해 총 26개의 관측변수들을 교차로별로 구축하였다. 구축된 자료는 구조방정식 모형으로 신호위반 사고규모에 대한 영향관계를 파악하였다. 연구 결과, 신호위반 사고에 영향을 미칠 것으로 추측했던 4개 요인 중 도로 특성과 교통시설 특성만이 통계적으로 유의하게 나타났으며, 신호운영 특성과 교통량 특성은 그렇지 않았다. 그리고 이러한 요인은 도로 특성이 0.25(p<0.01)로 교통시설 특성 0.17(p<0.05) 대비 다소 높은 영향력을 나타냈다. 마지막으로 도로 특성 요인을 구성하는 3개 변수의 상대적 영향력은 제한속도 > 교차도로 간 제한속도차 > 총 차로수 순, 교통시설 특성 요인을 구성하는 2개 변수의 상대적 영향력은 신호등면수 > 전방 신호등 순, 신호위반 사고규모를 구성하는 3개 변수의 상대적 영향력은 사상자수 > 사고건수 > 사고비용 순으로 나타났다. 연구 결과는 정책 결정권자 및 실무자로 하여금 국내 신호위반 사고에 대한 실질적 감소대책 마련에 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다. 향후에는 다양한 교차로 형태 및 교통혼잡을 반영한 연구, 운전자 행태 분석 등이 필요할 것으로 보인다.

키워드
사고발생 요인
신호위반 교통사고
구조방정식
신호교차로 사고
교통사고 잦은 곳
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Information
  • Publisher :Korean Society of Transportation
  • Publisher(Ko) :대한교통학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
  • Journal Title(Ko) :대한교통학회지
  • Volume : 42
  • No :3
  • Pages :348-369
  • Received Date : 2024-04-25
  • Revised Date : 2024-05-23
  • Accepted Date : 2024-06-17
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7470/jkst.2024.42.3.348
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