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2025 Vol.43, Issue 6 Preview Page

Article

An Analysis of Congestion Patterns at Bus Exclusive Lane Stations Using Soft-DTW Based Clustering

Soft-DTW 기반 클러스터링을 활용한 중앙버스전용차로 정류장 정체 유형 분석

Su Jin PARK1
,
Jaehwan YANG2*
박 수진1
,
양 재환2*
1Research Professor, School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea/Research Fellow, Dept. of Urban planning and policy, Namyangju Research Institute, Namyangju-si, Gyeonggi-do 12248, Korea
2Research Fellow, Smart Transportation Research Division, The Seoul Institute, Seoul 06756, Korea
1고려대학교 미래건설환경융합연구소 연구교수/남양주시정연구원 도시정책연구실 연구위원
2서울연구원 도시교통연구실 연구위원
*Corresponding Author
31 December 2025. pp. 761-774
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Abstract

The Seoul Metropolitan Government has implemented median bus exclusive lanes across 13 arterial corridors to enhance the operational efficiency of its bus system. However, recent policy changes, including a ban on standing passengers on intercity buses and the increasing demand resulting from metropolitan expansion, have led to growing congestion and a decline in bus speed competitiveness. This study analyzes 20 major bus stations located along Seoul’s median bus exclusive lanes, using data from the Bus Management System and field observation records. To quantify congestion characteristics during the morning and evening peak hours, the study applies time-series clustering based on Soft Dynamic Time Warping. The analysis identifies four distinct congestion types according to the underlying causes of delay, and proposes improvement strategies tailored to the operational conditions of each type. Unlike previous static performance evaluations, this study provides detailed insights into actual operational conditions and offers a foundation for developing customized strategies for bus station management. The findings are expected to support targeted policy interventions by congestion type and contribute to the sustainable operation of the median bus exclusive lane system in Seoul.

Keywords
bus exclusive lane
bus management system
clustering analysis
congestion pattern classification
dynamic time warping
public transport

서울시는 버스의 효율적 운영을 위해 13개 도로축에서 중앙버스전용차로를 운영 중에 있으나, 광역버스 증가와 입석금지 등 정책 변화, 수도권 광역화에 따른 수요 증가로 인해 혼잡 심화 및 통행속도 경쟁력 저하 등의 문제가 발생하고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 서울시 중앙버스전용차로에 위치한 20개 정류장을 대상으로, BMS 데이터와 현장 관측자료를 활용하여 오전 및 오후 첨두시간대의 정체 특성을 정량화하고, Soft-DTW 기반 시계열 클러스터링을 통해 정체 유형을 분류하였다. 분석 결과, 정체의 발생 원인에 따라 네 가지 유형으로 분류되었으며, 각 유형별 발생 요인과 운영 조건에 적합한 개선방안을 제시하였다. 본 연구는 기존의 정태적 성과 평가를 넘어, 실제 운영 현황에 기반한 정밀 진단을 통해 맞춤형 정류장 운영전략 수립의 기초자료를 제공한다는 점에서 의의가 있다. 향후 정류장별 혼잡 유형에 따른 전략적 정책 개입과 중앙버스전용차로 운영의 지속 가능성 확보에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

키워드
버스전용차로
버스관리시스템
군집분석
정체유형분석
동적시간와핑
대중교통
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Information
  • Publisher :Korean Society of Transportation
  • Publisher(Ko) :대한교통학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
  • Journal Title(Ko) :대한교통학회지
  • Volume : 43
  • No :6
  • Pages :761-774
  • Received Date : 2025-07-17
  • Revised Date : 2025-07-29
  • Accepted Date : 2025-08-20
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7470/jkst.2025.43.6.761
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