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Article

Estimating the Value of Time Considering Perceived Congestion and Congestion Duration on Urban Rail Transit

도시철도 시설별 체감 혼잡도와 혼잡지속시간을 고려한 가치 추정 연구

Yunho JU1
,
Junghwa KIM2*
,
Wooseok KANG3
주 윤호1
,
김 정화2*
,
강 우석3
1Master Course Student, Department of Urban & Transportation Engineering, College of Creative Engineering, Kyonggi University, Gyeonggi 16227, Korea
2Assistant Professor, Department of Urban & Transportation Engineering, College of Creative Engineering, Kyonggi University, Gyeonggi 16227, Korea
3Officer, Seoul Special Metropolitan City Balanced Develeopment Policy Division, Seoul 04524, Korea
1경기대학교 스마트시티공학부 도시·교통공학과 석사과정
2경기대학교 스마트시티공학부 도시·교통공학과 조교수
3서울특별시 균형발전본부 균형발전전략팀 주무관
*Corresponding Author
31 October 2024. pp. 533-550
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Abstract

This study began with the significance of urban rail transit starting with Seoul Line 1 and extending to current additions, focusing on the congestion phenomenon in transit. In particular, given the increasing awareness of crowding in urban rail facilities, the study aims to estimate the impact of congestion during commuting hours on value of travel for urban rail users. For this purpose, a stated preference (SP) survey was conducted among 412 commuters in the metropolitan area, presenting hypothetical scenarios of typical congestion situations and asking about route choices. Through this, the monetary value of congestion in carriages, platforms, and transfer passages was estimated. The survey included 10 questions for each facility. The analysis using the multinomial logit model showed that the Value of Time (VOT) for in-vehicle, platform, and transit passage were KRW 6,375, KRW 8,295, and KRW 2,460, respectively, while the Value of Congestion (VOC) were KRW 3,375, KRW 7,380, and KRW 1,560, indicating that the value for platforms was the highest among the values for facilities. The results of this study suggest a new evaluation index to support effective decision-making for urban rail operations by calculating the estimated value of congestion and evaluating the impact on passengers' utility for each facility. These results are expected to provide important indicators for more efficient operation of the metropolitan transportation system in response to increasing rail demand due to the enlargement of the metropolitan transit network.

Keywords
crowd
multinomial logit model
stated preference
urban railway
value of time

본 연구는 서울시 1호선을 시작으로 현재까지 추가 연장되는 도시철도의 통행에 대한 중요성 및 통행에서 발생하는 혼잡 현상을 배경으로 시작하였다. 특히 도시철도 시설 내 혼잡에 대한 인식이 높아지고 있는 상황에서 출퇴근 시간에 발생하는 도시철도 시설의 혼잡이 도시철도 이용객의 통행가치에 미치는 영향을 추정하고자 한다. 이를 위해 수도권 도시철도를 이용하는 이용객들에게 첨두시 시 발생할 수 있는 통상적인 혼잡 상황에 대한 가정을 제시하고 경로 선택에 대한 질문을 진행하였다. 이를 통해 차량 내, 플랫폼, 환승통로에 대하여 혼잡한 상황에 대한 화폐화 가치를 추정하였다. 본 연구를 진행하기 위한 설문조사는 SP설문으로 수도권 출퇴근 통행자 412명을 대상으로 각 시설에 대하여 10개의 문항을 설문 하였다. 설문 결과에 대하여 다항로짓모형을 활용한 분석 결과 차량 내, 플랫폼, 환승통로에 대한 각각의 혼잡도를고려한 시간가치(VOT)는 6,375원, 8,295원, 2,460원의 결과가 나왔으며 혼잡도 변화에 대한 가치(VOC)는 3,375원, 7,380원, 1,560원으로 플랫폼에 대한 가치가 이용자들의 시설에 대한 가치 중 가장 큰 값임을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과를 통해 혼잡 상황에 대한 추정가치를 계산하고, 각각의 시설에 있어 혼잡 상황에 대한 승객의 효용에 미치는 영향을 평가함으로써 도시철도 운영에 대한 효과적인 의사결정에 도움을 줄 수 있는 새로운 평가 지표를 제시하였으며, 이러한 결과는 광역교통의 거대화로 증가하는 철도 수요에 대응하여 광역교통체계를 보다 효율적으로 운영하기 위한 중요한 지표를 제공할 것으로 기대한다.

키워드
혼잡도
다항로짓모형
혼잡지속시간
도시철도
통행시간가치
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Information
  • Publisher :Korean Society of Transportation
  • Publisher(Ko) :대한교통학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
  • Journal Title(Ko) :대한교통학회지
  • Volume : 42
  • No :5
  • Pages :533-550
  • Received Date : 2024-03-26
  • Revised Date : 2024-04-01
  • Accepted Date : 2024-09-12
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7470/jkst.2024.42.5.533
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